Mount Yasur Volcano in Vanuatu. Mount Yasur is a volcano on Tanna Island, Vanuatu, 361 m high above sea level, on the coast near Sulphur Bay, northeast of the taller Mount Tukosmera, which was active in the Pleistocene. It has a largely unvegetated pyroclastic cone with a nearly circular summit crater 400 m in diameter.
Eruption of glowing spatter from Yasur volcano
Volcano type: stratovolcano Yasur is an active stratovolcano. It began erupting some time before 1774 (Captain Cook made the first report) and has be going every since. It has had, at times, a lava lake at a central vent. Some phreatic explosive eruptions have occurred.
Aerial view of Yasur with the exclusion zone and car park (image: GeoHazards)
Yasur volcano stratovolcano 361 m (1,184 ft) Tanna Island, Vanuatu, -19.53°S / 169.44°E Current status: erupting Last update: 18 Jan 2022 (Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report)
Location of Mount Yasur on Map
Mount Yasur is an easily accessible active volcano, and is a major Vanuatu tourist attraction.The Vanuatu Government monitors the level of volcanic activity in the interests of the public, both tourists and locals alike. This monitoring is carried out by the Vanuatu Geo-Hazards Observatory.
The importance of the volcano to Tanna’s tourism industry has resulted in the local government creating levels to alert people. These levels range from 0-5 and notes that An eruption may occur at any level.
Level 0 – Normal Level 1 – Signs of Volcanic Unrest Level 2 – Major Unrest Level 3 – Minor Eruption Level 4 – Moderate Eruption Level 5 – Very Large Eruption
Is Mount Yasur still erupting? It is a stratovolcano, caused by the eastward-moving Indo-Australian Plate being subducted under the westward-moving Pacific Plate. It has been erupting nearly continuously for several hundred years, although it can usually be approached safely.
Yasur and natives
How many times did Mount Yasur erupted? The volcano has erupted many times per hour for at least 800 years. Yasur has been called the “Lighthouse of the Pacific” because of the regular Strombolian eruptions visible from sea.
Mount Yasur (satellite view)
Is Mount Yasur in the Ring of Fire? World’s most active volcanoes. Located in the southwest Pacific on Tanna Island in Vanuatu, Mount Yasur is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, a string of volcanoes. … Because of the almost constant volcanic activity it is a popular tourist destination. Sometimes tourists are able to climb all the way to the summit.
Welcome to Earth 2021 ‧ 1 season Actor Will Smith sets out to offer an insight into some of the world’s most remote and uncharted location. Cast: Will Smith
Will Smith has made a very stunning documentry about Mount Yasur. I have watched all the six episodes. They are stunning. I am attaching some trailers of the episodes.
A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.
The word volcano is derived from the name of Vulcano, a volcanic island in the Aeolian Islands of Italy whose name in turn comes from Vulcan, the god of fire in Roman mythology. The study of volcanoes is called volcanology, sometimes spelled vulcanology.
On Earth, volcanoes are most often found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and most are found underwater.
The Stromboli stratovolcano off the coast of Sicily has erupted continuously for thousands of years, giving rise to its nickname “Lighthouse of the Mediterranean”
For example, a mid-ocean ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates whereas the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates.
Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust’s plates, such as in the East African Rift and the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grande Rift in North America.
Large eruptions can affect atmospheric temperature as ash and droplets of sulfuric acid obscure the Sun and cool the Earth’s troposphere. Historically, large volcanic eruptions have been followed by volcanic winters which have caused catastrophic famines.
Plate tectonics:
According to the theory of plate tectonics, Earth’s lithosphere, its rigid outer shell, is broken into sixteen larger and several smaller plates. These are in slow motion, due to convection in the underlying ductile mantle, and most volcanic activity on Earth takes place along plate boundaries, where plates are converging (and lithosphere is being destroyed) or are diverging (and new lithosphere is being created).
Divergent plate boundaries: At the mid-ocean ridges, two tectonic plates diverge from one another as hot mantle rock creeps upwards beneath the thinned oceanic crust. The decrease of pressure in the rising mantle rock leads to adiabatic expansion and the partial melting of the rock, causing volcanism and creating new oceanic crust.
Most divergent plate boundaries are at the bottom of the oceans, and so most volcanic activity on the Earth is submarine, forming new seafloor. Black smokers (also known as deep sea vents) are evidence of this kind of volcanic activity. Where the mid-oceanic ridge is above sea level, volcanic islands are formed, such as Iceland.
Aerial view of the Barren Island, Andaman Islands, India, during an eruption in 1995. It is the only active volcano in South Asia.
Cordillera de Apaneca volcanic range in El Salvador. The country is home to 170 volcanoes, 23 which are active, including two calderas, one being a supervolcano. El Salvador has earned the epithets endearment La Tierra de Soberbios Volcanes, (The Land of Magnificent Volcanoes).
Convergent plate boundaries:
Subduction zones are places where two plates, usually an oceanic plate and a continental plate, collide. The oceanic plate subducts (dives beneath the continental plate), forming a deep ocean trench just offshore.
In a process called flux melting, water released from the subducting plate lowers the melting temperature of the overlying mantle wedge, thus creating magma. This magma tends to be extremely viscous because of its high silica content, so it often does not reach the surface but cools and solidifies at depth. When it does reach the surface, however, a volcano is formed.
Thus subduction zones are bordered by chains of volcanoes called volcanic arcs. Typical examples are the volcanoes in the Pacific Ring of Fire, such as the Cascade Volcanoes or the Japanese Archipelago, or the Sunda Arc of Indonesia.
Map showing the divergent plate boundaries (oceanic spreading ridges) and recent sub-aerial volcanoes (mostly at convergent boundaries)
Stratovolcanoes (composite volcanoes):
Stratovolcanoes (composite volcanoes) are tall conical mountains composed of lava flows and tephra in alternate layers, the strata that gives rise to the name. They are also known as composite volcanoes because they are created from multiple structures during different kinds of eruptions. Classic examples include Mount Fuji in Japan, Mayon Volcano in the Philippines, and Mount Vesuvius and Stromboli in Italy.
Ash produced by the explosive eruption of stratovolcanoes has historically posed the greatest volcanic hazard to civilizations. The lavas of stratovolcanoes are higher in silica, and therefore much more viscous, than lavas from shield volcanoes. High-silica lavas also tend to contain more dissolved gas.
Cross-section through a stratovolcano (vertical scale is exaggerated): 1. Large magma chamber 2. Bedrock 3. Conduit (pipe) 4. Base 5. Sill 6. Dike 7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano 8. Flank 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano 10. Throat 11. Parasitic cone 12. Lava flow 13. Vent 14. Crater 15. Ash cloud
Supervolcanoes:
A supervolcano is a volcano that has experienced one or more eruptions that produced over 1,000 cubic kilometers (240 cu mi) of volcanic deposits in a single explosive event. Such eruptions occur when a very large magma chamber full of gas-rich, silicic magma is emptied in a catastrophic caldera-forming eruption. Ash flow tuffs emplaced by such eruptions are the only volcanic product with volumes rivaling those of flood basalts.
The material that is expelled in a volcanic eruption can be classified into three types:
Volcanic gases, a mixture made mostly of steam, carbon dioxide, and a sulfur compound (either sulfur dioxide, SO2, or hydrogen sulfide, H2S, depending on the temperature) Lava, the name of magma when it emerges and flows over the surface Tephra, particles of solid material of all shapes and sizes ejected and thrown through the air.
Volcano and Human:
Volcanic eruptions pose a significant threat to human civilization. However, volcanic activity has also provided humans with important resources.
Solar radiation graph 1958–2008, showing how the radiation is reduced after major volcanic eruptions
Sulfur dioxide concentration over the Sierra Negra Volcano, Galapagos Islands, during an eruption in October 2005
Schematic of volcano injection of aerosols and gases
Volcanoes on other celestial bodies:
There are several extinct volcanoes on Mars, four of which are vast shield volcanoes far bigger than any on Earth. They include Arsia Mons, Ascraeus Mons, Hecates Tholus, Olympus Mons, and Pavonis Mons. These volcanoes have been extinct for many millions of years, but the European Mars Express spacecraft has found evidence that volcanic activity may have occurred on Mars in the recent past as well.
Olympus Mons (Latin, “Mount Olympus”), located on the planet Mars, is the tallest known mountain in the Solar System.
Jupiter’s moon Io is the most volcanically active object in the Solar System because of tidal interaction with Jupiter. It is covered with volcanoes that erupt sulfur, sulfur dioxide and silicate rock, and as a result, Io is constantly being resurfaced. Its lavas are the hottest known anywhere in the Solar System, with temperatures exceeding 1,800 K (1,500 °C). In February 2001, the largest recorded volcanic eruptions in the Solar System occurred on Io.
The Tvashtar volcano erupts a plume 330 km (205 mi) above the surface of Jupiter’s moon Io.
Europa, the smallest of Jupiter’s Galilean moons, also appears to have an active volcanic system, except that its volcanic activity is entirely in the form of water, which freezes into ice on the frigid surface. This process is known as cryovolcanism, and is apparently most common on the moons of the outer planets of the Solar System.
Where are most volcanoes located?
Pacific Ocean Sixty percent of all active volcanoes occur at the boundaries between tectonic plates. Most volcanoes are found along a belt, called the “Ring of Fire” that encircles the Pacific Ocean. Some volcanoes, like those that form the Hawaiian Islands, occur in the interior of plates at areas called “hot spots.”
What is volcano explain?
A volcano is an opening in the earth’s crust through which lava, volcanic ash, and gases escape. … Beneath a volcano, liquid magma containing dissolved gases rises through cracks in the Earth’s crust.
What is the number 1 volcano in the world? The most active volcanoes in the world
Kilauea volcano on Hawaii is the world’s most active volcano, followed by Etna in Italy and Piton de la Fournaise on La Réunion island.
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